Wow, great question! (Long post follows)
Quote:
So here's the million dollar question - how do I devleop an operational scheme, without knowing what the hell it is, or for that matter what I want it to be?
Hey, that's a great question (and makes me think it would make a great article for MRH ... any volunteers - we pay upon acceptance, you know).
THE BASIC IDEA
Without an operating scheme for your layout, a track plan is just lines on paper - and any lines are as good as another without such a scheme.
Here's the basic idea:
1. Real railroads exist to transport goods and people - and they form trains to get the job done efficiently.
2. Look at your industries - what is your layout shipping, and from where to where?
3. If you expect to run passenger trains, where are the people traveling - from where to where?
4. Put in the simplest terms, real railroads have two basic types of trains: locals and through trains.
5. Figure out what trains you will need to run to get the job done, and you will have your operating plan.
If you have a prototype you're modeling, some research into what trains they ran will make developing an operating plan much easier. That's why freelancing is so much harder - you have to make things up, and if you don't know real railroading, you're stuck.
AN EXAMPLE
Let's look at an example: my own HO Siskiyou Line.
The prototype basically runs from a connection with the SP main in Eugene, Oregon to Medford, Oregon - and then south over the Siskiyous to connect back up with the SP main at Black Butte, California. For my modeling, I focused on the Eugene to Medford section.
Empty cars come onto the Siskiyou Line to be loaded with lumber at one of the many lumber mills along the line. Loaded cars could be going either direction, since both ends connect back with the SP main. However, since I'm modeling the northern end of the line on my layout (Dillard to Goshen), most loaded cars will head back to Eugene.
There are exceptions (like the various Farmers Coops along the line - they get loaded cars and send back empties), but focusing on the lumber traffic covers 90% of the movements.
Roseburg is a major mid-point yard on the Siskiyou Line, so it stands to reason that it would be a terminus for some trains. Think hub and spoke - send trains with cars bound for towns around Roseburg and then the Roseburg yardmaster can make up locals to distribute the cars to the actual industries.
And that's just what the prototype did - they created two through trains - one to run from Eugene to Roseburg, and the other to run from Roseburg to Eugene. The prototype called these trains the Seagull. One's the Seagull East, the other is the Seagull West.
The prototype also has cars that need to go to the southern end of the Siskiyou Line (Medford) and get resorted into trains, so they created two more trains to run between Eugene and Medford - since they travelled most of the distance of the Siskiyou Line, the prototype calls these two trains the Siskiyou Line East and the Siskiyou Line West.
Since the Coos Bay coast branch connects up at Roseburg on my layout, we'll next need two through trains to go between Eugene and Coos Bay. The prototype calls the branchline trains "Haulers", so we'll have two more trains - the Coos Bay Haulers.
THE THROUGH TRAINS
Let's look at what we have so far from the perspective of the Roseburg yardmaster.
We have six through trains:
- Seagull East
- Seagull West
- Siskiyou Line East
- Siskiyou Line West
- Coos Bay Hauler East
- Coos Bay Hauler West
Two of these trains - the Seagulls, only go as far as Roseburg. The Seagull West runs from Eugene to Roseburg, so it stops in Roseburg. The Seagull East departs from Roseburg, so the Roseburg yardmaster must build it.
The other 4 trains simply run through Roseburg. Occassionally, these trains may have cars for Roseburg or pick up cars leaving Roseburg. But most of the time they simply pass through Roseburg.
NEXT - DETERMINE THE LOCALS
Okay, once cars reach Roseburg, then what? There are towns north of Roseburg (Oakland and Sutherlin) and there are towns south of Roseburg (Dillard and Riddle). We need local freights out of Roseburg to serve the industries in these towns.
The prototype calls locals "Turns" since most often they run to an area, switch it, then turn around and return.
Oakland and Sutherlin's industries are few enough in number that one Turn can service them, so the prototype runs the Oakland Turn.
Dillard has a huge mill, so a single turn is needed just for Dillard. Thus we have the "Dole Turn" named for the railroad named location just south of Dillard where the train actually turns.
And finally, Riddle's industries need served, so the prototype has one more local called appropriately enough, the "Riddle Turn".
SUMMARY
As you can see, just thinking through what industries your railroad serves, and apply the hub-and-spoke philosophy like the prototype, you can build a realistic operating scheme for your layout.
Once you have an operating scheme in mind, suddenly those track lines have a purpose! Once you know how long you want your typical train to be, now you know how many trains you will be running and will know how many cars you need to plan for in the yard.
You also know roughly what the yardmaster will be doing with his time and what trains they need to be building or sorting.
Each local end point will need a runaround track so the power can swap ends with the cars and return.
This isn't everything that needs to go into an operating plan. We didn't consider passenger operations for instance. There's also a type of train we didn't consider - the "sweeper". A sweeper runs from point A to point B and either drops off or picks up cars all along the way. It's essentially a local that only runs one direction and does not turn.
At any rate, this should give you a rough idea what an operating plan is all about.